Sprained Ankle

What is a Sprained Ankle?

A sprain is the stretching or tearing of ligaments, which connect adjacent bones and provide stability to a joint. An ankle sprain is a common injury that occurs when you suddenly fall or twist the ankle joint or when you land your foot in an awkward position after a jump. Most commonly it occurs when you participate in sports or when you jump or run on a surface that is irregular.

What are the Symptoms of a Sprained Ankle?

Ankle sprains can cause pain, swelling, tenderness, bruising, stiffness and inability to walk or bear weight on the ankle.

How is a Sprained Ankle Diagnosed?

The diagnosis of an ankle sprain is usually made by evaluating the history of the injury and physical examination of the ankle. X-ray of your ankle may be needed to confirm if a fracture is present.

What are the Treatment Options for a Sprained Ankle?

The most common treatment recommended for ankle sprains is rest, ice, compression and elevation (RICE).

Rest: You should not move or use the injured part in order to reduce pain and prevent further damage. Crutches may be ordered to limit weight-bearing while walking.
Ice: An ice-pack should be applied over the injured area up to 3 days after the injury. You can use a cold pack or crushed ice wrapped in a towel. Never place ice directly over the skin. Ice packs help to reduce swelling and to relieve pain.
Compression: Compression of the injured area helps to reduce swelling and bruising. This is usually accomplished by using an elastic wrap for a few days or weeks after the injury.
Elevation: Place the injured ankle above your heart level to reduce swelling. Elevation of an injured leg can be done for about 2 to 3 hours a day.

The doctor may also use a brace or splint to reduce motion of the ankle. Anti-inflammatory pain medications may be prescribed to help reduce the pain and control inflammation.

What is the Rehabilitation for a Sprained Ankle?

During your recovery, rehabilitation exercises are recommended to strengthen and improve range of motion in your foot. You may need to use a brace or wrap to support and protect your ankle during sports activities. Avoid pivoting and twisting movements for 2 to 3 weeks. To prevent further sprains or recurrence of injury, you may need to wear a semi-rigid ankle brace during exercise, special wraps and high-top lace shoes.